beltconveyor_w140_l500
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There are various types of tensioning mechanisms for conveyor belts, each with different characteristics and applicable ranges. Here are some common conveyor belt tensioning mechanisms:
1、 Spiral tensioning device
Features: The spiral tensioning device belongs to the manual tensioning device, which uses manual rotation of the screw to make the carriage with nuts and the tensioning drum installed on it move longitudinally along the direction of the conveyor to adjust the tension of the conveyor belt. Its structure is relatively simple.
Disadvantage: It cannot automatically adjust the tension of the conveyor belt and requires regular inspection and manual adjustment.
Installation position: Usually, one set is installed on each side of the tail of the belt conveyor, and two sets are used together.
Application scope: Suitable for conveyors with simple structure, conveying distance less than 100m, and low driving power.
2、 Heavy hammer tensioning device
Feature: A heavy hammer is installed below the tensioning drum, which adjusts the tension of the conveyor belt by the weight of the hammer. The device has fast dynamic response, simple structure, and the tension force of the heavy hammer is basically constant.
Disadvantages: It takes up a large amount of space, causes significant fluctuations in tension during operation, cannot be automatically adjusted in a timely manner, and consumes a lot of labor and time during maintenance.
Installation position: Generally installed in the return section of the belt conveyor, at a distance of no more than 20m from the machine head.
Application scope: It is widely used and is the preferred form of belt conveyor tensioning device design.
3、 Heavy hammer car type tensioning device
Features: A mobile trolley is connected by a steel wire rope and a vertically suspended heavy hammer. Since the weight of the heavy hammer remains constant, the tension of the conveyor belt is constant. At the same time, relying on the automatic tension of the heavy hammer, it can automatically compensate for the elongation of the conveyor belt.
Disadvantage: It occupies a large area and is often limited by space, making it unusable.
Installation position: Generally installed at the tail of the belt conveyor, the reversing drum at the tail is used as a tensioning drum.
Application scope: Generally used on fixed long-distance, large tonnage belt conveyors with sufficient space.
4、 Wire rope winch type tensioning device
Features: The tension of the conveyor belt is achieved by retracting the steel wire rope, and the two steel wire rope drums are powered by a reducer to output torque, ensuring synchronous operation of the two steel wire rope drums.
Application scope: Widely used in long-distance and high-capacity belt conveyors, especially suitable for belt conveyors with storage conveyor functions and underground belt conveyors in mines.
5、 Electric controlled automatic tensioning device
Features: According to the needs of different layout methods of belt conveyors, the tension of the conveyor belt can be automatically adjusted moderately. It can not only automatically adjust the tension according to the traction force of the driving drum, but also compensate for the elongation of the conveyor belt, making the operation of the belt conveyor more reliable and safe.
Installation position: Generally installed at the tail of the belt conveyor, the reversing drum at the tail is used as a tensioning drum.
Application scope: Suitable for large capacity and long-distance belt conveyors, it can ensure their effective and reliable operation, and avoid phenomena such as looseness, drifting, deviation, and vibration of the conveyor belt.
6、 Hydraulic automatic tensioning device
Features: It works by combining hydraulic cylinders and mechanical winches, automatically adjusting the tension based on the traction force of the driving drum, compensating for the elongation of the conveyor belt, and facilitating operation during belt conveyor belt adjustment. It has the advantages of stepless speed regulation, large speed regulation range, small size, light weight, small inertia, compact structure, smooth operation, fast response, and easy implementation of overload protection.
Disadvantages: There are many hydraulic components, and some components may need to be purchased from abroad.
Installation position: Generally installed at the tail of the belt conveyor, the reversing drum at the tail is used as a tensioning drum.
Application scope: It has been fully applied on high-capacity, long-distance, and high-speed belt conveyors.
In addition, there are other types of tensioning mechanisms, such as fixed winch tensioning devices, heavy hammer tower type tensioning devices, and upper belt surface tensioning devices, each with unique characteristics and applicable ranges. When selecting the tensioning mechanism for a conveyor belt, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the specific type, length, power, and working environment of the conveyor to ensure its stable operation and efficient operation.
输送带的张紧机构有多种，它们各自具有不同的特点和适用范围。以下是一些常见的输送带张紧机构：
一、螺旋式张紧装置
- 特点：螺旋式张紧装置属于手动张紧装置，利用人力旋转螺杆，使带有螺母的滑架及安装在上面的张紧滚筒沿输送机方向纵向移动，以调节输送带张力。其结构比较简单。
- 缺点：不能自动调整输送带的张力，需要定期检查并手动调整。
- 安装位置：通常在皮带机机尾左右两侧各安装1套，2套配合使用。
- 应用范围：适用于结构简单、输送距离小于100m、驱动功率较小的输送机上。
二、重锤式张紧装置
- 特点：在张紧滚筒的下方设置一个重锤，通过重锤的重力来调整张紧滚筒，使得输送带得以调整张紧度。该装置动态反应快、结构简单，且重锤的张紧力基本恒定。
- 缺点：占用空间较大，工作中张紧力波动较大，不能及时自动调节，维修时耗费工时较多。
- 安装位置：一般安装在皮带机的返程段，距离机头不超过20m的位置。
- 应用范围：应用非常广泛，是带式输送机张紧装置设计的首选形式。
三、重锤车式张紧装置
- 特点：通过钢丝绳和垂直悬垂的重锤连接一个移动小车，由于重锤的重量是不变的，因此输送带的张紧力恒定，同时依靠重锤的自动张紧，能够自动补偿输送带的伸长。
- 缺点：占地面积较大，往往受到空间限制而无法使用。
- 安装位置：一般安装在皮带机的机尾，将机尾的改向滚筒作为张紧滚筒使用。
- 应用范围：一般用于有足够的空间、固定式的长距离、大吨位的皮带机上。
四、钢丝绳绞车式张紧装置
- 特点：通过收放钢丝绳来完成对输送带的张紧，两个钢丝绳卷筒由一台减速机输出扭矩，因此可以保证两台钢丝绳卷筒同步运行。
- 应用范围：广泛应用在长距离、大运量的皮带机上，特别适用于具有储存输送带功能的皮带机及矿井下的皮带机上。
五、电动控制式自动张紧装置
- 特点：根据带式输送机不同布置方式的需要，自动适度调整输送带张力，不仅可以根据驱动滚筒的牵引力来自动调整张紧力，而且还能补偿输送带的伸长，使皮带机的运行更可靠、安全。
- 安装位置：一般安装在皮带机的机尾，将机尾的改向滚筒作为张紧滚筒使用。
- 应用范围：适用于大运量、长距离带式输送机，能够保证其有效、可靠地工作，避免输送胶带出现松弛、飘带、跑偏、振动等现象。
六、液压式自动张紧装置
- 特点：利用液压缸和机械绞车相结合的方式工作，根据驱动滚筒的牵引力来自动调节张紧力，还能够补偿输送带的伸长，以及在皮带机输送带调整时方便操作。具有无级调速、调速范围大、体积小、质量轻、惯性小、结构紧凑、工作平稳、反应快、易于实现过载保护等优点。
- 缺点：液压元器件较多，部分元器件可能需要从国外购置。
- 安装位置：一般安装在皮带机的机尾，将机尾的改向滚筒作为张紧滚筒使用。
- 应用范围：已在大运量、长距离、高带速的带式输送机上得到了充分应用。
此外，还有一些其他类型的张紧机构，如固定绞车张紧装置、重锤塔架式张紧装置以及上带面张紧装置等，它们各自具有独特的特点和适用范围。在选择输送带的张紧机构时，需要根据输送机的具体类型、长度、功率以及工作环境等因素进行综合考虑，以确保输送机的稳定运行和高效工作。
